Corneal Dystrophy in Dogs
Corneal Dystrophy is a low-severity eye condition that can affect dogs of all ages and breeds. Corneal dystrophy is a hereditary condition causing non-inflammatory lipid, mineral, or epithelial deposits in the cornea. It appears as white or grey opacities in the cornea, usually bilaterally. Most forms cause limited vision loss but some progress to ulceration. It is documented across 5 breeds, though prevalence and severity can differ significantly between them. It typically becomes apparent at Under 2 years. Early signs to watch for include white or grey corneal opacity, usually bilateral and symmetrical, occasional corneal ulceration in erosive form, and generally not painful unless ulcerated. When treatment is required, costs are estimated at £0-£1,200 depending on severity, location, and the specific intervention needed. Corneal Dystrophy has a hereditary component, so health-screening certificates from the breeder are strongly recommended for predisposed breeds. This page covers symptoms, treatment options, and preventive steps — along with breed-specific information where available.
Signs & Symptoms
The following symptoms are commonly associated with Corneal Dystrophy in dogs. If your dog displays several of these signs, consult your vet promptly — early diagnosis typically leads to better outcomes.
- White or grey corneal opacity
- Usually bilateral and symmetrical
- Occasional corneal ulceration in erosive form
- Generally not painful unless ulcerated
- Variable vision effect
Treatment Overview
Most cases require no treatment beyond monitoring. Corneal erosive dystrophy benefits from topical lubricants and debridement procedures. Surgical keratectomy may be considered for vision-impairing deposits.
Typical onset: Under 2 years
Prevention & Screening
While not all cases of Corneal Dystrophy can be prevented, the following steps reduce risk or enable earlier intervention:
- BVA/KC/ISDS eye scheme screening
- Do not breed dogs with epithelial or stromal dystrophy causing visual impairment
Estimated Treatment Cost
Treatment for Corneal Dystrophy is estimated at £0-£1,200, depending on severity, the specific intervention required, and your location. Costs may be higher for surgical procedures or ongoing management. Comprehensive pet insurance covering hereditary conditions is strongly recommended.
Breeds Affected by Corneal Dystrophy
The following 5 breeds are documented as being susceptible to Corneal Dystrophy. Click any breed to view breed-specific information about this condition, including prevalence and recommended screening.
Looking for more information? Browse all dog health conditions or explore the health guides for in-depth breed care advice.