Fanconi Syndrome is a high-severity urinary condition that can affect dogs of all ages and breeds. Fanconi syndrome is a hereditary proximal renal tubular dysfunction causing abnormal loss of glucose, amino acids, electrolytes, and water into the urine. It leads to a characteristic symptom complex and can cause severe metabolic disturbance. It is documented across 4 breeds, though prevalence and severity can differ significantly between them. It typically becomes apparent at 3-7 years. Early signs to watch for include excessive thirst and urination, glucose in urine despite normal blood glucose, weight loss, and muscle weakness. When treatment is required, costs are estimated at £500-£2,000/year depending on severity, location, and the specific intervention needed. Fanconi Syndrome has a hereditary component, so health-screening certificates from the breeder are strongly recommended for predisposed breeds. This page covers symptoms, treatment options, and preventive steps — along with breed-specific information where available.

Signs & Symptoms

The following symptoms are commonly associated with Fanconi Syndrome in dogs. If your dog displays several of these signs, consult your vet promptly — early diagnosis typically leads to better outcomes.

• Excessive thirst and urination
• Glucose in urine despite normal blood glucose
• Weight loss
• Muscle weakness
• Metabolic acidosis

Treatment Overview

Oral supplementation of the lost electrolytes (sodium bicarbonate, potassium, phosphate) and vitamins. Regular monitoring of blood and urine biochemistry. There is no cure but affected dogs can live for many years with good management.

Typical onset: 3-7 years

Prevention & Screening

While not all cases of Fanconi Syndrome can be prevented, the following steps reduce risk or enable earlier intervention:

• DNA test available for Basenji form
• Test all breeding Basenjis before mating

Breeds Affected by Fanconi Syndrome

The following 3 breeds are documented as being susceptible to Fanconi Syndrome. Click any breed to view breed-specific information about this condition, including prevalence and recommended screening.

• Basenji (small)
• Labrador Retriever (large)
• Norwegian Elkhound (medium)