Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye) in Dogs
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye) is a medium-severity eye condition that can affect dogs of all ages and breeds. KCS, commonly called dry eye, is inadequate tear production causing corneal dryness, inflammation, ulceration, and scarring. It is often immune-mediated in dogs and can lead to permanent vision impairment if poorly controlled. It is documented across 5 breeds, though prevalence and severity can differ significantly between them. It typically becomes apparent at 2-8 years. Early signs to watch for include thick yellow-green eye discharge, red inflamed eyes, dull or cloudy cornea, and eye pawing. When treatment is required, costs are estimated at £500-£1,500/year depending on severity, location, and the specific intervention needed. Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye) has a hereditary component, so health-screening certificates from the breeder are strongly recommended for predisposed breeds. This page covers symptoms, treatment options, and preventive steps — along with breed-specific information where available.
Signs & Symptoms
The following symptoms are commonly associated with Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye) in dogs. If your dog displays several of these signs, consult your vet promptly — early diagnosis typically leads to better outcomes.
- Thick yellow-green eye discharge
- Red inflamed eyes
- Dull or cloudy cornea
- Eye pawing
- Sticky eyelids in morning
Treatment Overview
Lifelong twice-daily cyclosporine or tacrolimus eye drops stimulate tear production in immune-mediated cases. Artificial tears and antibiotics manage secondary infections. Parotid duct transposition is a surgical salvage option.
Typical onset: 2-8 years
Prevention & Screening
While not all cases of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye) can be prevented, the following steps reduce risk or enable earlier intervention:
- Avoid sulphonamide antibiotics which can cause KCS
- Early treatment prevents corneal scarring
Estimated Treatment Cost
Treatment for Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye) is estimated at £500-£1,500/year, depending on severity, the specific intervention required, and your location. Costs may be higher for surgical procedures or ongoing management. Comprehensive pet insurance covering hereditary conditions is strongly recommended.
Breeds Affected by Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye)
The following 5 breeds are documented as being susceptible to Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye). Click any breed to view breed-specific information about this condition, including prevalence and recommended screening.
Looking for more information? Browse all dog health conditions or explore the health guides for in-depth breed care advice.