Leptospirosis is a high-severity urinary condition that can affect dogs of all ages and breeds. Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection caused by Leptospira serovars spread through contaminated water and rodent urine. It causes acute kidney injury, liver failure, and systemic inflammation. It is an important zoonosis transmissible to humans. It is documented across 1 breed, though prevalence and severity can differ significantly between them. It typically becomes apparent at Any age. Early signs to watch for include acute kidney failure, jaundice, vomiting, and fever. When treatment is required, costs are estimated at £1,500-£5,000 depending on severity, location, and the specific intervention needed. This page covers symptoms, treatment options, and preventive steps — along with breed-specific information where available.

Signs & Symptoms

The following symptoms are commonly associated with Leptospirosis in dogs. If your dog displays several of these signs, consult your vet promptly — early diagnosis typically leads to better outcomes.

• Acute kidney failure
• Jaundice
• Vomiting
• Fever
• Muscle pain
• Pulmonary haemorrhage in severe cases

Treatment Overview

Penicillin or amoxicillin followed by doxycycline to clear the carrier state. IV fluids for renal support, anti-nausea drugs, and monitoring of kidney and liver function. Intensive care for severe cases.

Typical onset: Any age

Prevention & Screening

While not all cases of Leptospirosis can be prevented, the following steps reduce risk or enable earlier intervention:

• Vaccinate with 4-serovar lepto vaccine annually
• Avoid stagnant water sources
• Rodent control
• Good hygiene when handling infected dogs