Mast Cell Tumour in Dogs

Moderate Risk Cancer

Mast Cell Tumour is a medium-severity cancer condition that can affect dogs of all ages and breeds. Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are the most common malignant skin tumours in dogs. They vary enormously in behaviour from benign to highly aggressive. They arise from mast cells and can release histamine causing systemic effects. It is documented across 6 breeds, though prevalence and severity can differ significantly between them. It typically becomes apparent at 8-9 years. Early signs to watch for include skin lump (variable size/appearance), swelling or redness around lump, vomiting if gi involvement, and ulceration. When treatment is required, costs are estimated at £1,500-£8,000 depending on severity, location, and the specific intervention needed. This page covers symptoms, treatment options, and preventive steps — along with breed-specific information where available.

Signs & Symptoms

The following symptoms are commonly associated with Mast Cell Tumour in dogs. If your dog displays several of these signs, consult your vet promptly — early diagnosis typically leads to better outcomes.

  • Skin lump (variable size/appearance)
  • Swelling or redness around lump
  • Vomiting if GI involvement
  • Ulceration
  • Sudden lump size change

Treatment Overview

Surgical excision with wide margins is the cornerstone of treatment. Grade and stage guide whether adjuvant chemotherapy (vinblastine, prednisolone) or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (toceranib) are needed.

Typical onset: 8-9 years

Prevention & Screening

While not all cases of Mast Cell Tumour can be prevented, the following steps reduce risk or enable earlier intervention:

  • No proven prevention
  • Any new skin lump should be evaluated promptly by fine-needle aspirate

Estimated Treatment Cost

Treatment for Mast Cell Tumour is estimated at £1,500-£8,000, depending on severity, the specific intervention required, and your location. Costs may be higher for surgical procedures or ongoing management. Comprehensive pet insurance covering this condition is strongly recommended.

Breeds Affected by Mast Cell Tumour

The following 6 breeds are documented as being susceptible to Mast Cell Tumour. Click any breed to view breed-specific information about this condition, including prevalence and recommended screening.

Looking for more information? Browse all dog health conditions or explore the health guides for in-depth breed care advice.