Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in Dogs

High Risk Eye Hereditary

Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) is a high-severity eye condition that can affect dogs of all ages and breeds. PRA is a group of hereditary diseases causing progressive degeneration of the photoreceptor cells in the retina. It leads to night blindness first, followed by complete blindness. There is no treatment, but DNA tests exist for many forms. It is documented across 6 breeds, though prevalence and severity can differ significantly between them. It typically becomes apparent at 3-8 years. Early signs to watch for include night blindness (early sign), reluctance to enter dark rooms, dilated pupils, and reduced daytime vision. When treatment is required, costs are estimated at £0 (management only) depending on severity, location, and the specific intervention needed. Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) has a hereditary component, so health-screening certificates from the breeder are strongly recommended for predisposed breeds. This page covers symptoms, treatment options, and preventive steps — along with breed-specific information where available.

Signs & Symptoms

The following symptoms are commonly associated with Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in dogs. If your dog displays several of these signs, consult your vet promptly — early diagnosis typically leads to better outcomes.

Night blindness (early sign)
Reluctance to enter dark rooms
Dilated pupils
Reduced daytime vision
Reflective eye shine (tapetal hyperreflectivity)

Treatment Overview

There is no effective treatment or cure for PRA. Management focuses on adapting the dog's environment to maintain quality of life as vision deteriorates.

Typical onset: 3-8 years

Prevention & Screening

While not all cases of Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) can be prevented, the following steps reduce risk or enable earlier intervention:

DNA test breeding stock before mating
Only breed clear or carrier-to-clear pairings
Annual ophthalmology screening (BVA/KC scheme)

Estimated Treatment Cost

Treatment for Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) is estimated at £0 (management only), depending on severity, the specific intervention required, and your location. Costs may be higher for surgical procedures or ongoing management. Comprehensive pet insurance covering hereditary conditions is strongly recommended.

Breeds Affected by Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)

The following 95 breeds are documented as being susceptible to Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA). Click any breed to view breed-specific information about this condition, including prevalence and recommended screening.

Looking for more information? Browse all dog health conditions or explore the health guides for in-depth breed care advice.