Dog Nutrition Basics: What Should Dogs Actually Eat?

What to Look for in a Quality Dog Food

When evaluating dog food, protein quality is the most important factor — look for a named animal protein (chicken, salmon, lamb) as the first ingredient. Avoid products where the first ingredient is a generic "meat meal" or a cereal filler. For breeds such as the Labrador Retriever, French Bulldog, Golden Retriever, it is particularly worth checking for breed-size-appropriate formulas that address joint health and calorie density.

Understanding Nutritional Labels

When evaluating dog food, protein quality is the most important factor — look for a named animal protein (chicken, salmon, lamb) as the first ingredient. Avoid products where the first ingredient is a generic "meat meal" or a cereal filler. For breeds such as the Labrador Retriever, French Bulldog, Golden Retriever, it is particularly worth checking for breed-size-appropriate formulas that address joint health and calorie density.

How Much to Feed Your Dog

Daily feeding amounts depend on your dog's weight, age, and activity level. Most adult dogs require between 2–3 meals per day, and manufacturers' guidelines on pack labels are a useful starting point — though active working breeds typically need more. Dogs prone to bloat, including breeds such as the Labrador Retriever, French Bulldog, Golden Retriever, should avoid single large meals and benefit from raised bowls and rest periods after eating.

Best Ingredients to Look For

High-quality ingredients to prioritise include named meat proteins, omega-3-rich fish oils for coat health, and prebiotics or beet pulp for digestive support. Avoid artificial preservatives (BHA, BHT, ethoxyquin), artificial colourants, and excessive salt or sugar. Some breeds — particularly those prone to hereditary health conditions — benefit from diets specifically formulated to support joint cartilage or immune function.

Ingredients to Avoid

High-quality ingredients to prioritise include named meat proteins, omega-3-rich fish oils for coat health, and prebiotics or beet pulp for digestive support. Avoid artificial preservatives (BHA, BHT, ethoxyquin), artificial colourants, and excessive salt or sugar. Some breeds — particularly those prone to hereditary health conditions — benefit from diets specifically formulated to support joint cartilage or immune function.

Transitioning Between Foods

When switching your dog to a new food, a gradual transition over 7–10 days reduces the risk of digestive upset. Start with 75% old food and 25% new, then shift the ratio over the following week. Dogs with sensitive stomachs or those managing hereditary health conditions may need a longer transition period; always consult your vet before switching a dog on a prescription diet.

Frequently Asked Questions

The questions below reflect the most common queries from owners researching dog nutrition basics: what should dogs actually eat?. If your question isn't covered, the breed-specific pages and condition guides on this site provide more detailed information tailored to individual dogs. A vet consultation remains the best course for any symptoms or concerns about your specific dog.